The Cultural Significance of Seiza and Agura in Japan

In Japan, sitting styles like seiza and agura hold cultural, historical, and practical significance. These traditional postures are deeply ingrained in Japanese culture and etiquette, reflecting respect, humility, and social harmony.

Seiza: A Traditional Way of Sitting

Definition: Seiza is a traditional way of sitting where one kneels with their legs folded under them, resting on their calves and heels.

Cultural Significance: This position is often associated with formal settings such as tea ceremonies, traditional performances, and religious ceremonies. It reflects respect and humility. Practical Use: Seiza allows for a stable and respectful posture, especially in settings where one might be interacting with others, such as during discussions or ceremonies.

My experience in Japan in the 90s showed that seiza was rarely practiced outside of formal occasions like tea ceremonies or on tatami mats. While it may seem uncomfortable to outsiders, many Japanese individuals grow up sitting in this position, developing both flexibility and comfort. However, it is not uncommon for Japanese people to feel shorter after sitting in seiza for extended periods.

Agura: A Relaxed Sitting Posture

Definition: Agura involves sitting cross-legged on the floor.

Cultural Context: This position is more relaxed and is commonly used in casual settings. It is often seen in homes or informal gatherings. Comfort and Flexibility: Despite its appearance, agura can be quite comfortable, especially for those who use the floor for various other purposes, like the Japanese and Turks. Unlike seiza, agura can be maintained for longer periods without discomfort.

Both seiza and agura are integral to Japanese culture and etiquette, emphasizing respect, tradition, and social harmony. While they might seem uncomfortable to outsiders, they are widely practiced and appreciated within their cultural context. Young people in Japan often sit in seiza or agura for extended periods, leading to the development of flexibility and comfort over time.

Comparisons With Other Cultures

These two sitting positions also exist in other cultures, such as Turkey. Agura, or bada ba, is a similar cross-legged sitting posture. Similarly, seiza has a resemblance to the position Muslims take when praying. Physically, it's not uncommon for people who grow up sitting in these postures to develop different leg shapes, much like how cowboys develop specific leg shapes from horse riding.

Conclusion

The cultural significance of seiza and agura in Japan goes beyond mere posturing. These traditional sitting positions represent a deep respect for cultural heritage and values. Whether practiced by young or old, these customs continue to shape the social dynamics and etiquette of the Japanese society.