How to Successfully Remove Rust from Chisels and Other Metallic Tools

Rust is a common issue in any metal tool, including chisels, which can weaken their structural integrity and affect their performance. While there are various methods to remove rust, not all are equally effective. This article will explore the most efficient techniques to remove rust from chisels, ensuring your tools remain in great condition for many years to come.

Introduction to Rust Removal

Rust, scientifically known as iron oxide, is the result of a chemical reaction between iron or steel and oxygen in the presence of water or moisture. While commercial rust removers like Naval Jelly or Ospho are effective, wire brushing is another manual method used to remove rust. However, for a more thorough and less labor-intensive approach, using a chemical solution can be highly beneficial.

Effective Chemical Solutions for Rust Removal

The most reliable way to remove rust is to use a chemical that can convert rust into iron salts, completely removing the rust. It is important to dispel the myth that vinegar is effective for rust removal; in reality, vinegar only makes it easier to remove rust mechanically by reducing its adhesion, and it is not a strong enough acid to effectively dissolve rust.

A much better option is to use a solution of oxalic acid. Oxalic acid is a powerful corrosion inhibitor that can easily break down rust and iron oxides. The process is not instantaneous; the reaction is relatively slow, but as you check the chisel over the course of a few hours, you can observe the rust gradually disappearing, producing a pale yellow residue.

To use oxalic acid, prepare a dilute solution of about 2 parts water to 1 part oxalic acid. Soak the chisel or tool in this solution for several hours, or even overnight. Depending on the severity of the rust, you might consider soaking it for a full 24 hours. After the soaking period, remove the tool and rinse it thoroughly with water to remove any remaining oxalic acid.

Mechanical Removal Methods

While chemical solutions are effective, there are situations where mechanical methods are also necessary. Wire brushing is a popular and efficient way to remove rust from surfaces that are not suitable for chemical treatment. Wire brushes can be used by hand or mounted on a wire wheel attached to a bench grinder. Here are some steps to follow:

Select the Right Wire Brush: Choose a wire brush that is appropriate for the size and type of chisel you are working with. A medium or coarse wire brush will work best for removing rust. Bringing Rust to the Surface: Use the wire brush to scrub the rusted area. This process may take some time and effort, especially for stubborn rust. Keep the area damp with water as you scrub to ensure that the rust does not dull the metal surface. Inspection and Cleaning: Inspect the chisel for any remaining rust or embedded rust particles. If there is still rust present, repeat the procedure until the surface is completely free of rust. After removing the rust, clean the chisel thoroughly with water and allow it to dry.

Preventing Rust in the Future

Once rust has been removed, it is crucial to implement steps to prevent its recurrence. Here are some preventative measures:

Cleaning and Drying: After each use, clean the chisel thoroughly and dry it completely. Any moisture left on the metal can cause rust to form. Applying Rust-Resistant Coatings: Use rust-resistant coatings such as oil or a rust preventative spray to protect the metal surface. These coatings create a barrier that prevents moisture and oxygen from coming into contact with the metal, thus inhibiting the rusting process. Storage: Store chisels in a dry place, preferably in a rust-proof container or bag. Wooden or plastic hangers are also excellent options for hanging and protecting tools.

Conclusion

Removing rust from chisels and other metallic tools is not a daunting task, but it requires the right approach and the use of appropriate tools. Whether you opt for a chemical solution or mechanical brushing, ensuring that your tools remain in excellent condition will improve your work and extend their lifespan. By following the steps outlined here, you can achieve optimal results and keep your chisels performing at their best.